What and why Islamic government is one of the important topics of our time. Contrary to the secularist view, which sees governance as merely a human and customary matter, the principles of governance in Islamic political thought are a combination of human rational requirements and Shari'a and revelation requirements. Islamic governance, like other Islamic teachings, has relatively fixed principles and changing branches. There is a wide and deep difference of opinion about the principles of Islamic governance among Muslim thinkers. In this article, divine sovereignty, popular acceptance, rule of law, social justice, civil liberties, service policy, council, and expediency of the Islamic Ummah are presented and analyzed as relatively stable principles of the Islamic political system using the total views of Muslim thinkers.