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Binesh M W. Maintaining National Cohesion in Multiethnic Societies (Challenges and Solutions). SRQPIS 2026; 2 (3) :21-45
URL: http://srqpis.knu.edu.af/article-1-91-en.html

One of the most important priorities of the political system is to maintain national cohesion and solidarity. Cohesion is a situation in which individuals in a society are bound together by common social and cultural commitments. Cohesion is understandable in diverse and diverse societies in terms of culture, language, ethnicity, and religion. In such societies, cohesion can be an opportunity or a challenge. Cohesion provides the basis for stability, security, and opportunities for growth and development. On the other hand, ethnic diversity is one of the most important social issues in the national security of countries. Therefore, the lack of cohesion and solidarity can also be a challenge. Which policies and strategies are effective in maintaining national cohesion, especially in societies with ethnic diversity? Our assumption is that in ethnically diverse societies, ethnicities, as a social force, have a high capacity for integration into national interests, political participation, and national cohesion. Governments can play a decisive role in creating and establishing institutions to carry out this specific task. The research findings show that in third world countries, due to ethnic diversity, social cohesion, and solidarity, there is a need for careful policymaking and the implementation of the resulting policy. Therefore, ethnic concerns can be addressed with appropriate management (development, justice, and national values). Considering the strategies proposed by social scientists (homogenization, pluralism, unity in plurality) and the studies conducted, it seems that the policy of unity in plurality is appropriate for societies with a diverse ethno-cultural structure to maintain national cohesion. And be indepentent of the interference of other countries.