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Heydari Q. Consideration of the Ways of Peaceful Coexistence among Muslims from the Perspective of Sheikh Muhammad Ghazali. SRQPIS 2026; 2 (3) :127-150
URL: http://srqpis.knu.edu.af/article-1-105-en.html

 Peaceful coexistence among Muslims is one of the most important goals and teachings of Islam and one of the fundamental concerns of contemporary reformist thinkers. Sheikh Muhammad Ghazali (1917–1996), one of the prominent thinkers of the Islamic world, has presented solutions to strengthen unity and reduce conflicts in Islamic societies by reviewing authentic Islamic sources and paying attention to the challenges of the contemporary world. The present study analyzes the ways to achieve peaceful coexistence in his thought using a descriptive-analytical method and by examining his main works. The findings show that Al-Ghazali presents the issue of coexistence in six main areas: the doctrinal-human dimension with an emphasis on the inherent dignity of man and Islamic brotherhood, the epistemological dimension with a focus on the Quran and Sunnah and understanding the purposes of religion, the socio-economic dimension with an emphasis on social justice and charity, the political dimension with a critique of tyranny and an emphasis on shura, the cultural dimension with an acceptance of jurisprudential differences and avoidance of religious prejudice, and the educational dimension with an emphasis on the right to education and empowerment of members of society, especially women. The results of the study show that Al-Ghazali's thought, by linking Islamic unity, social justice, negation of tyranny, and human development, provides a comprehensive framework for strengthening coexistence in Islamic societies.